- Gross Lease (Full-Service Lease)
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- Definition: The landlord covers most or all operating expenses, such as property taxes, insurance, and maintenance.
- Key Features:
- Tenants pay a fixed rent amount.
- Common in office buildings or multi-tenant commercial spaces.
- Pros: Simplicity for the tenant; predictable costs.
- Cons: Landlord bears the risk of fluctuating expenses.
- Net Lease
Net leases shift more financial responsibility to the tenant. There are three main types:
- Single Net Lease (N Lease):
- Tenant pays rent + property taxes.
- Landlord covers insurance and maintenance.
- Double Net Lease (NN Lease):
- Tenant pays rent + property taxes + insurance.
- Landlord covers maintenance costs.
- Triple Net Lease (NNN Lease):
- Tenant pays rent + property taxes + insurance + maintenance.
- Common for retail or standalone commercial properties.
- Pros: Reduces landlord’s financial burden; predictable revenue.
- Cons: Higher costs and risk for the tenant.
- Modified Gross Lease
- Definition: A hybrid between gross and net leases. Tenant and landlord split certain expenses, often negotiated case by case.
- Key Features:
- Tenants typically pay rent and utilities.
- Landlord covers taxes, insurance, and structural maintenance.
- Pros: Flexibility for both parties.
- Cons: Requires clear agreement to avoid disputes.
- Percentage Lease
- Definition: Tenant pays a base rent plus a percentage of their gross sales.
- Key Features:
- Common in retail spaces, particularly malls.
- Percentage rate often applies after a sales threshold.
- Pros: Aligns landlord’s revenue with tenant’s success.
- Cons: Variable income for the landlord.
- Ground Lease
- Definition: Tenant leases the land and builds their own improvements, which revert to the landlord at the lease’s end.
- Key Features:
- Long-term (often 50-99 years).
- Common for commercial developments.
- Pros: Provides steady, passive income; retains ownership of land.
- Cons: Limited use during the lease term.
- Short-Term or Month-to-Month Lease
- Definition: Flexible agreements that renew monthly.
- Key Features:
- More common for residential or small commercial spaces.
- Easy to end or adjust terms.
- Pros: Flexibility.
- Cons: Less stable income for the landlord.
Choosing the Right Structure
- Consider the property type: Residential, retail, office, industrial, or land?
- Factor in responsibility levels: How much risk or expense are you willing to manage?
- Assess market norms: Certain lease types are more common in specific industries or areas.
Regardless of the profile of the property and your desired financial goals, we always recommend seeking advice from a Reliant Partners advisor to determine an opinion of value and the potential market demand for the subject property. We also highly recommend utilizing a real estate attorney to draft any agreements.